California’s first-round of election is 5 March, concurrent with the presidential primaries. Note that I do not consider the votes in California for US Senate, House, and state legislative seats to be a “primary,” despite that name being used officially. The parties hold genuine primaries for president–actually, of course, contests among slates of delegates for candidates seeking each party’s nomination. However, for other offices, we have a two-round top-two system. This March election is the first round–the rules do not advance the top vote-winner in each party to a general election contest, as in a primary for a single-seat office (like a US Senate seat). Instead the top two advance even if they are from the same party–and only the top two, meaning no minor parties on the November ballot (unless one happens to have cracked the top two in some contest).
I have been consistent in saying this was an undesirable system, and represented an abolition of partisan primaries, ever since it was just a proposal on the ballot on June, 2010. This year’s contest for the US Senate seat has really demonstrated the sense in which it is not a primary as we usually understand the term, primary. There are three current US House members who are Democrats and are running for the US Senate seat. (It is the seat opened up when Dianne Feinstein died.) The leading contender of these three, Adam Schiff, has been running ads that totally bypass the “primary” and tell voters why they should not vote for Steve Garvey (yes THAT Steve Garvey), a Republican. Schiff is not even pretending to be running against the other Democrats (Katie Porter and Barbara Lee). In fact, one suspects he wants to ensure Garvey is his opponent in November rather than prolong the intra-party contest to the runoff. Garvey seems to have a fairly invisible campaign. I say that anecdotally, and only because I see TV ads for Schiff and Porter regularly, but have not seen one for Garvey (or Lee). In fact, the way I learned Garvey was a candidate was from Schiff constantly hammering the point that Garvey is too conservative for California. Schiff surely has done an excellent job raising Garvey’s profile as a Senate candidate.
This is, of course, a perfectly sensible strategy to follow when your electorate is solidly Democratic and the rules could give you a Democratic opponent in the final round. That might be a tougher contest to win than one against a Republican. To be clear, he is not running as “the candidate best qualified to defeat Garvey.” He is running against Garvey as if this were the general election and there were no other candidates.1 And my point about this electoral system all along has been that it is–it’s the first round of a two-round general election.
Garvey, in addition to being basically invisible as far as campaigning goes, looked totally lost in the portion of a multi-candidate debate that I saw. I mean, it was pretty embarrassing. However, I will give him credit for at least attempting to stake out moderate positions, by the standards of today’s Republican Party. Pretty much the only way a Republican can win statewide here is by being perceived as moderate, and it helps to be a political novice with a celebrity reputation to build on. Call it the Schwarzenegger model. It is, however, far less likely to work in a contest for Senate than for Governor, and Garvey’s celebrity reputation is surely not what it once would have been, given that his baseball career ended in 1987.2
The media are kind of playing along with Schiff’s strategy. Consider this headline: “Schiff, Garvey in ‘statistical tie.'” The item in the SF Chronicle is reporting on a poll by UC Berkeley Institute of Government Studies from a few days ago showing Garvey actually in the lead, with 27% and Schiff with 25%. Of course, this contest is one for two places–in the runoff. So the relative vote shares of the top two are hardly relevant. What’s relevant is the contest for the second place. You have to read through a bit of the Chronicle article to find out how big the gap is over the next candidate. Porter is at 19%. She has slipped a lot, relative to Schiff. The same pollster back in November had Porter and Schiff close for the top slot (17% and 16%), Garvey at 10%, and Lee at 9%.3 And the USC Dornisfe poll from early February had Schiff in the lead but a close race for that second runoff slot between Porter and Garvey. We can’t attribute all this movement in the polls to Schiff’s ads, of course. But if he was trying to make himself and Garvey the top two instead of himself and Porter, mission accomplished.
I don’t normally make endorsements of candidates on this website, but I will say that I will be voting for Schiff. The two leading Democrats in this contest are not dramatically different in their overall records.4 However, all three differ on one issue I care deeply about, especially right now–standing with Israel. Lee is terrible on this issue (calling for a “ceasefire” from the beginning), and so I am glad to see her struggle in the polls. Earlier in the campaign I thought I would vote for Porter in the first round, mainly to postpone the choice between her and Schiff till November. Schiff has been consistently supportive of Israel, and in mid-February issued a statement calling for passage of the bill to aid Israel, Ukraine, and Taiwan that has been held up by the far right wing of the House Republican majority. Porter has taken some good foreign policy positions (e.g., on Iran last December), and her earliest statement after 7 Oct. was good. However, a more recent one (in December) was not so good. It was not offensive, and did not call for Israel to cease its war against Hamas. In fact, it was pretty typical mainstream peace process stuff, for a bilateral ceasefire and negotiations for a “democratic Palestinian state.” Sure, sounds good. But the solution she is talking about will be hard enough even if Hamas is decisively defeated; it would be impossible as an outcome of a negotiated ceasefire of the sort she is dreaming of. If Porter were the only mainstream Democrat in the running, this statement would not keep me from voting for her. But we have a better one. Schiff has my vote.5
Finally, kudos to the pollsters for USC for including this crucial question in their poll in early February:
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- In fact, while the candidates I have mentioned are the only ones that could be considered “serious,” there are 27 candidates for the full term, of whom eleven indicate their “party preference” is Democratic, ten Republicans, and one each from American Independent and Libertarian (the rest have no declared party affiliation). There are seven candidates running for the partial/unexpired term, which will last only several weeks. The rules require that there be an election concurrent with the full-term one to fill the remainder of this one (with the seat being held by a gubernatorial appointee, who in this case is not a candidate, until a winner of the partial term race is certified). ↩︎
- I remember in his playing days, or shortly after, there were rumors he would enter politics. But maybe three dozen years was a little long to wait. ↩︎
- Lee has 8% in the more recent poll. ↩︎
- Per their DW-NOMINATE scores, Porter is the most moderate, Schiff is somewhat to the left, and Lee far to the left. Their scores and percentiles (of the whole House) are: Porter –0.224 (53), Schiff –0.35 (70), Lee –0.677 (99). Source: VoteView. ↩︎
- I will add that Garvey is the only one of these candidates with a prominent statement on his campaign website about Israel. And I like it. So maybe I should vote for him. But I can’t quite bring myself to do that, even just this once, in the first round.
Lee’s website indicates, if you click on her link for Global Peace and Security, that she is “the only candidate to call for an immediate, permanent ceasefire in Gaza.” Schiff’s site does not seem to have a section on foreign policy, but his views as a Representative are well known. Porter also has little to say on her Senate campaign site; I found the above-linked statements on her House site. ↩︎